Goal 2 - Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration and Fermentation (231-237 new or 237-243)
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
- Cellular respiration is the way animals make their energy
- Animals need food for energy and Animals need energy to live
- Referred to as Aerobic Respiration = oxygen present
Mitochondria
Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria.
More folds increases surface are which increases energy!
The Formula
C6H12O6 + 6O2 makes ENERGY (ATP) + 6CO2 + 6H2O
glucose + oxygen makes carbon dioxide + water
reactants on right products on the left
Note that one molecule of glucose is broken in half - when we eat glucose we break it down to get ENERGY
Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria.
More folds increases surface are which increases energy!
The Formula
C6H12O6 + 6O2 makes ENERGY (ATP) + 6CO2 + 6H2O
glucose + oxygen makes carbon dioxide + water
reactants on right products on the left
Note that one molecule of glucose is broken in half - when we eat glucose we break it down to get ENERGY
What is ATP?
ATP = adenosine triphosphate “the energy molecule”
ATP = adenosine + ribose + phosphate + phosphate + phosphate
+ = bond
Energy is stored in the bond and when the bond between the second and third phosphate group is broken is broken the energy is released (this bond has A LOT of ENERGY) and the resulting molecule is ADP (adenosine diphosphate) which can form ATP gain upon bonding with another phosphate group.
ATP = adenosine + ribose + phosphate + phosphate + phosphate
+ = bond
Energy is stored in the bond and when the bond between the second and third phosphate group is broken is broken the energy is released (this bond has A LOT of ENERGY) and the resulting molecule is ADP (adenosine diphosphate) which can form ATP gain upon bonding with another phosphate group.
Sum It Up - Aerobic Respiration
All livings thing perform respiration - Plants, animals, bacteria, things in the water, …
Aerobic Cellular Respiration Summed Up!!!…
Cellular Respiration breaks down C6H12O6.
It produces H2O and CO2.
It produces 36 ATPs!
Final equation C6H12O6 + 6O2 makes 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP
Overall…
Cellular Respiration breaks down C6H12O6.
It produces H2O and CO2.
It produces 36 ATPs!
Aerobic Cellular Respiration Summed Up!!!…
Cellular Respiration breaks down C6H12O6.
It produces H2O and CO2.
It produces 36 ATPs!
Final equation C6H12O6 + 6O2 makes 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP
Overall…
Cellular Respiration breaks down C6H12O6.
It produces H2O and CO2.
It produces 36 ATPs!
Fermentation - Anaerobic Respiration
Fermentation – Anaerobic Respiration
Two types of anaerobic respiration
- Fermentation releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP in the absence of oxygen.
- Occurs when cells are without oxygen for a short period of time.
- Provides a means to continue producing ATP until oxygen is present again
- Referred to as Anaerobic respiration = no oxygen
Two types of anaerobic respiration
- alcoholic fermentation
- lactic acid fermentation
Alcoholic Fermentation
Alcoholic Fermentation
The Formula for Alcoholic Fermentation
C6H12O6 makes carbon dioxide + alcohol + 2 ATP
- Produces CO2 and ethyl alcohol.
- Makes 2 ATP’s
- Occurs in yeast and some bacteria
The Formula for Alcoholic Fermentation
C6H12O6 makes carbon dioxide + alcohol + 2 ATP
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Lactic-Acid Fermentation
The Formula for Lactic Acid Fermentation
C6H12O6 makes lactic acid + 2 ATP
- Occurs when there isn’t enough oxygen present and produces lactic-acid.
- Supplies energy when oxygen is scarce.
- Can happen during strenuous exercise
- Lactic acid build-up causes muscle fatigue “cramping”
- Makes 2 ATP’s
The Formula for Lactic Acid Fermentation
C6H12O6 makes lactic acid + 2 ATP